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MongoDB 文档NoSQL

mongodb
字数统计: 4.7k阅读时长: 26 min
2017/07/03 Share

MongoDB

MongoDB是基于分布式文件系统存储的数据库，旨在为web应用提供可扩展的高可用数据储存解决方案，它是介于关系数据库和非关系数据库之间的产品，是非关系数据库当中功能最像关系数据库的，它支持的结构非常松散，是类似json的bson格式，因此可以存储比较复杂的数据类型。

它的特定是高性能、易部署、易使用，存储非常方便。

支持的功能特性：

  • 面向集合的存储，易存储对象类型的数据
  • 模式自由
  • 支持动态查询
  • 支持完全索引，包含内部对象
  • 支持查询
  • 支持复制和故障恢复
  • 使用高效的二进制数据存储，包括大型对象（如视频）
  • 自动处理碎片，以支持云计算层次的扩展性
  • 支持多种编程语言
  • 文件存储为bson
  • 可通过网络访问

数据存储模型

  • 列表模型：
    应用场景：在分布式文件系统之上提供随机读写的分布式数据存储
    典型产品：HBase、Hypertable、Cassandra
    数据模型：以’列’为中心进行存储，将同一列表数据存储在一起
    优点：快速查询、高可扩展性、易于实现分布式扩展

  • 文档模型：
    应用场景：非强事务需求的web应用
    典型产品：MongoDB,ElasticSearch,CouchDB,CouchBase Server
    数据模型：键值模型，存储为文档
    优点：数据模型无须事先定义

  • 键值模型：
    应用场景：内容缓存，用于大量并行数据访问高负载场景
    典型产品：Redis
    数据模型：基于hash表实现key-value
    优点：查询迅速

  • 图式模型：
    应用场景：社交网络、推荐系统、关系图谱
    典型产品：Neo4j、Infinite Graph
    数据模型：图示结构
    优点：适合图示计算场景

mongodb配置选项

可见通过安装包安装的mongodb只是存在二进制程序，所谓的配置文件就是酱mongod -h的配置选项，常见的选项有：

1
fork=true|false  mongod是否运行在后台
2
bind_ip=0.0.0.0  启动以后所监听的ip，默认监听所有
3
port=27017       指定监听的端口
4
maxConns         并发连接数
5
logpath          
6
logappend        日志滚动
7
pidfilepath 
8
httpinterface     28017端口会启动，会用一个web页面
9
repair            启动时先修复db，进程意外断开，修复db
10
journal           日志启用，与事务日志相近
11
journalOptions arg   日志选项
12
journalCommitInterval arg   日志提交的间隔
13
14
slowms    界定慢查询的时间
15
profile   性能剖析
1
~]# cat /etc/mongod.conf
2
dbpath=/data/mongodb
3
logpath=/var/log/mongodb.log
4
pidfilepath=/var/run/mongod.pid
5
logappend=true
6
repair=true
7
port=27017
8
fork=true
9
auth=false
10
httpinterface=false
11
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
12
journal=true
13
quiet=true
14
~]# ./mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf

mongodb的常见操作

常见命令：

1
> help
2
        db.help()                    help on db methods
3
        db.mycoll.help()             help on collection methods
4
        sh.help()                    sharding helpers
5
        rs.help()                    replica set helpers
6
        help admin                   administrative help
7
        help connect                 connecting to a db help
8
        help keys                    key shortcuts
9
        help misc                    misc things to know
10
        help mr                      mapreduce
11
12
        show dbs                     show database names
13
        show collections             show collections in current database
14
        show users                   show users in current database
15
        show profile                 show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms
16
        show logs                    show the accessible logger names
17
        show log [name]              prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default
18
        use <db_name>                set current database
19
        db.foo.find()                list objects in collection foo
20
        db.foo.find( { a : 1 } )     list objects in foo where a == 1
21
        it                           result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate
22
        DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x   set default number of items to display on shell
23
        exit                         quit the mongo shell
24
25
> db.help()
26
DB methods:
27
        db.adminCommand(nameOrDocument) - switches to 'admin' db, and runs command [ just calls db.runCommand(...) ]
28
        db.auth(username, password)
29
        db.cloneDatabase(fromhost)
30
        db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command
31
        db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost)
32
        db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } )
33
        db.createView(name, viewOn, [ { $operator: {...}}, ... ], { viewOptions } )
34
        db.createUser(userDocument)
35
        db.currentOp() displays currently executing operations in the db
36
        db.dropDatabase()
37
        db.eval() - deprecated
38
        db.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups
39
        db.fsyncUnlock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock()
40
        db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname
41
        db.getCollectionInfos([filter]) - returns a list that contains the names and options of the db's collections
42
        db.getCollectionNames()
43
        db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string
44
        db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object
45
        db.getLogComponents()
46
        db.getMongo() get the server connection object
47
        db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a replication slave server
48
        db.getName()
49
        db.getPrevError()
50
        db.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated
51
        db.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold
52
        db.getReplicationInfo()
53
        db.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one
54
        db.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any operations on this db, inherited from server object if set
55
        db.hostInfo() get details about the server's host
56
        db.isMaster() check replica primary status
57
        db.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db
58
        db.listCommands() lists all the db commands
59
        db.loadServerScripts() loads all the scripts in db.system.js
60
        db.logout()
61
        db.printCollectionStats()
62
        db.printReplicationInfo()
63
        db.printShardingStatus()
64
        db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
65
        db.dropUser(username)
66
        db.repairDatabase()
67
        db.resetError()
68
        db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command.  if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 }
69
        db.serverStatus()
70
        db.setLogLevel(level,<component>)
71
        db.setProfilingLevel(level,<slowms>) 0=off 1=slow 2=all
72
        db.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - sets the write concern for writes to the db
73
        db.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - unsets the write concern for writes to the db
74
        db.setVerboseShell(flag) display extra information in shell output
75
        db.shutdownServer()
76
        db.stats()
77
        db.version() current version of the server
78
> db.stats()
79
{
80
        "db" : "test",
81
        "collections" : 0,
82
        "views" : 0,
83
        "objects" : 0,
84
        "avgObjSize" : 0,
85
        "dataSize" : 0,
86
        "storageSize" : 0,
87
        "numExtents" : 0,
88
        "indexes" : 0,
89
        "indexSize" : 0,
90
        "fileSize" : 0,
91
        "ok" : 1
92
}
93
>db.serverStatus()  mongodb数据库状态
94
95
> show dbs
96
admin   0.000GB
97
local   0.000GB
98
> use testdb
99
switched to db testdb
100
> show dbs
101
admin   0.000GB
102
local   0.000GB
103
testdb  0.000GB
104
> show collections
105
students
106
testcoll
107
> db.getCollectionNames()
108
[ "students", "testcoll" ]
109
> db.students.stats()

DDL,DML

find()高级用法：

  • 比较操作
    1
    > for (i=1;i<=10000;i++) db.test.insert({name:"test"+i,age:i%120,score:i%222})
    2
    WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
    3
    > db.test.find()
    4
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b5"), "name" : "test1", "age" : 1, "score" : 1 }
    5
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b6"), "name" : "test2", "age" : 2, "score" : 2 }
    6
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b7"), "name" : "test3", "age" : 3, "score" : 3 }
    7
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b8"), "name" : "test4", "age" : 4, "score" : 4 }
    8
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b9"), "name" : "test5", "age" : 5, "score" : 5 }
    9
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856ba"), "name" : "test6", "age" : 6, "score" : 6 }
    10
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856bb"), "name" : "test7", "age" : 7, "score" : 7 }
    11
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856bc"), "name" : "test8", "age" : 8, "score" : 8 }
    12
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856bd"), "name" : "test9", "age" : 9, "score" : 9 }
    13
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856be"), "name" : "test10", "age" : 10, "score" : 10 }
    14
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856bf"), "name" : "test11", "age" : 11, "score" : 11 }
    15
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c0"), "name" : "test12", "age" : 12, "score" : 12 }
    16
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c1"), "name" : "test13", "age" : 13, "score" : 13 }
    17
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c2"), "name" : "test14", "age" : 14, "score" : 14 }
    18
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c3"), "name" : "test15", "age" : 15, "score" : 15 }
    19
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c4"), "name" : "test16", "age" : 16, "score" : 16 }
    20
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c5"), "name" : "test17", "age" : 17, "score" : 17 }
    21
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c6"), "name" : "test18", "age" : 18, "score" : 18 }
    22
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c7"), "name" : "test19", "age" : 19, "score" : 19 }
    23
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856c8"), "name" : "test20", "age" : 20, "score" : 20 }
    24
    Type "it" for more
    25
    > db.test.findOne()
    26
    {
    27
            "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b5"),
    28
            "name" : "test1",
    29
            "age" : 1,
    30
            "score" : 1
    31
    }
    32
    > db.test.find().count()
    33
    10000
    34
    > db.test.findOneAndDelete()
    35
    {
    36
            "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b5"),
    37
            "name" : "test1",
    38
            "age" : 1,
    39
            "score" : 1
    40
    }
    41
    > db.test.findOne()
    42
    {
    43
            "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b6"),
    44
            "name" : "test2",
    45
            "age" : 2,
    46
            "score" : 2
    47
    }
    48
    > db.test.find().count()
    49
    9999
    50
    > db.test.findOneAndReplace({name:"test2"},{name:"test22"})
    51
    {
    52
            "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b6"),
    53
            "name" : "test2",
    54
            "age" : 2,
    55
            "score" : 2
    56
    }
    57
    > db.test.findOne()
    58
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856b6"), "name" : "test22" }
    59
    60
    61
    比较操作：
    62
    > db.test.find({age:{$gt:22}})
    63
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856cb"), "name" : "test23", "age" : 23, "score" : 23 }
    64
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856cc"), "name" : "test24", "age" : 24, "score" : 24 }
    65
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856cd"), "name" : "test25", "age" : 25, "score" : 25 }
    66
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856ce"), "name" : "test26", "age" : 26, "score" : 26 }
    67
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856cf"), "name" : "test27", "age" : 27, "score" : 27 }
    68
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d0"), "name" : "test28", "age" : 28, "score" : 28 }
    69
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d1"), "name" : "test29", "age" : 29, "score" : 29 }
    70
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d2"), "name" : "test30", "age" : 30, "score" : 30 }
    71
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d3"), "name" : "test31", "age" : 31, "score" : 31 }
    72
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d4"), "name" : "test32", "age" : 32, "score" : 32 }
    73
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d5"), "name" : "test33", "age" : 33, "score" : 33 }
    74
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d6"), "name" : "test34", "age" : 34, "score" : 34 }
    75
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d7"), "name" : "test35", "age" : 35, "score" : 35 }
    76
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d8"), "name" : "test36", "age" : 36, "score" : 36 }
    77
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856d9"), "name" : "test37", "age" : 37, "score" : 37 }
    78
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856da"), "name" : "test38", "age" : 38, "score" : 38 }
    79
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856db"), "name" : "test39", "age" : 39, "score" : 39 }
    80
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856dc"), "name" : "test40", "age" : 40, "score" : 40 }
    81
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856dd"), "name" : "test41", "age" : 41, "score" : 41 }
    82
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856de"), "name" : "test42", "age" : 42, "score" : 42 }
    83
    Type "it" for more
    84
    85
    $gt  大于
    86
    $gte 大于等于
    87
    $lt  小于
    88
    $lte 小于等于
    89
    $ne  等于
    90
    91
    92
    > db.test.find({age:{$in:[22,23]}})
    93
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856ca"), "name" : "test22", "age" : 22, "score" : 22 }
    94
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6856cb"), "name" : "test23", "age" : 23, "score" : 23 }
    95
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685742"), "name" : "test142", "age" : 22, "score" : 142 }
    96
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685743"), "name" : "test143", "age" : 23, "score" : 143 }
    97
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6857ba"), "name" : "test262", "age" : 22, "score" : 40 }
    98
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b6857bb"), "name" : "test263", "age" : 23, "score" : 41 }
    99
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685832"), "name" : "test382", "age" : 22, "score" : 160 }
    100
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685833"), "name" : "test383", "age" : 23, "score" : 161 }
    101
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b6858aa"), "name" : "test502", "age" : 22, "score" : 58 }
    102
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b6858ab"), "name" : "test503", "age" : 23, "score" : 59 }
    103
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685922"), "name" : "test622", "age" : 22, "score" : 178 }
    104
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685923"), "name" : "test623", "age" : 23, "score" : 179 }
    105
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b68599a"), "name" : "test742", "age" : 22, "score" : 76 }
    106
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b68599b"), "name" : "test743", "age" : 23, "score" : 77 }
    107
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685a12"), "name" : "test862", "age" : 22, "score" : 196 }
    108
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685a13"), "name" : "test863", "age" : 23, "score" : 197 }
    109
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685a8a"), "name" : "test982", "age" : 22, "score" : 94 }
    110
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685a8b"), "name" : "test983", "age" : 23, "score" : 95 }
    111
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685b02"), "name" : "test1102", "age" : 22, "score" : 214 }
    112
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855472bb243c2b685b03"), "name" : "test1103", "age" : 23, "score" : 215 }
    113
    114
    $in
    115
    $nin

  • 组合操作

    1
    $or:或运算，语法格式
    2
    $and:与运算
    3
    $not:非运算
    4
    $nor:反运算，返回不符合指定条件的所有文档
    5
    6
    > db.test.find({$and:[{score:{$gt:100}},{score:{$lt:200}}]})
    7
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685719"), "name" : "test101", "age" : 101, "score" : 101 }
    8
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68571a"), "name" : "test102", "age" : 102, "score" : 102 }
    9
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68571b"), "name" : "test103", "age" : 103, "score" : 103 }
    10
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68571c"), "name" : "test104", "age" : 104, "score" : 104 }
    11
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68571d"), "name" : "test105", "age" : 105, "score" : 105 }
    12
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68571e"), "name" : "test106", "age" : 106, "score" : 106 }
    13
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68571f"), "name" : "test107", "age" : 107, "score" : 107 }
    14
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685720"), "name" : "test108", "age" : 108, "score" : 108 }
    15
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685721"), "name" : "test109", "age" : 109, "score" : 109 }
    16
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685722"), "name" : "test110", "age" : 110, "score" : 110 }
    17
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685723"), "name" : "test111", "age" : 111, "score" : 111 }
    18
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685724"), "name" : "test112", "age" : 112, "score" : 112 }
    19
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685725"), "name" : "test113", "age" : 113, "score" : 113 }
    20
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685726"), "name" : "test114", "age" : 114, "score" : 114 }
    21
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685727"), "name" : "test115", "age" : 115, "score" : 115 }
    22
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685728"), "name" : "test116", "age" : 116, "score" : 116 }
    23
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b685729"), "name" : "test117", "age" : 117, "score" : 117 }
    24
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68572a"), "name" : "test118", "age" : 118, "score" : 118 }
    25
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68572b"), "name" : "test119", "age" : 119, "score" : 119 }
    26
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c855372bb243c2b68572c"), "name" : "test120", "age" : 0, "score" : 120 }
    27
    Type "it" for more

  • 元素操作

    1
    $exists:语法格式{$filed:{$exists:<boolean>}}
    2
    $mod
    3
    $type:返回指定字段的值的类型为指定类型的文档，语法格式为{filed:{$type:<BSON type>}}
    4
    Double,String,Object,Array,Binary data,Undefined,Boolean,Date,Null,Regular Expression,JavaScript,Timestamp
    5
    6
    > db.test.insert({name:"test22222",class:"class3"}
    7
    ... )
    8
    WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
    9
    > db.test.find({class:{$exists:true}})
    10
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c8c2072bb243c2b687dc5"), "name" : "test22222", "class" : "class3" }

  • 更新操作

    1
    > db.test.update({class:"class3"},{$set:{class:"class55"}})
    2
    WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
    3
    > db.test.find({class:{$exists:true}})
    4
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c8c2072bb243c2b> db.test.find({class:{$exists:true}})
    5
    6
    7
    > db.test.find({class:{$exists:true}})
    8
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c8c2072bb243c2b687dc5"), "name" : "test22222", "class" : "class55" }
    9
    > db.test.update({class:"class55"},{$unset:{class:true}})
    10
    WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
    11
    > db.test.find({class:{$exists:true}})
    12
    13
    > db.test.update({name:"test22222"},{$rename:{class:"classes"}})
    14
    WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
    15
    > db.test.find({name:"test22222"})
    16
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c8c2072bb243c2b687dc5"), "name" : "test22222", "classes" : 1234 }
    17
    18
    > db.test.update({name:"test22222"},{$inc:{class:1234}})
    19
    WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
    20
    > db.test.find({name:"test22222"})
    21
    { "_id" : ObjectId("594c8c2072bb243c2b687dc5"), "name" : "test22222", "classes" : 1234, "class" : 1234 }

删除操作：

1
删除记录
2
db.test.remove({name:"test22222"},1)
3
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
4
5
删除collection：
6
db.test.drop()
7
8
删除数据库：
9
db.dropDatabase()

  • 创建索引

    1
    db.mycoll.ensureIndex({name:1},{background:true})  后台创建索引
    2
    db.mycoll.ensureIndex({name:1},{unique:true,dropDups:true}) 唯一索引，去掉重复的
    3
    db.mycoll.dropIndex(index_name)
    4
    db.mycoll.dropIndexes()
    5
    db.mycoll.getIndexed()
    6
    db.mycoll.reIndex()

  • 启动与终止

1、正常启动
mongod –dbpath /usr/mongo/data –logfile /var/mongo.log
说明：
指定数据存储目录和日志目录，如果采用安全认证模式，需要加上–auth选项，如：
mongod –auth –dbpath /usr/mongo/data –logfile /var/mongo.log
2、以修复模式启动
mongod –repair
以修复模式启动数据库。
实际很可能数据库数据损坏或数据状态不一致，导致无法正常启动MongoDB服务器，根据启动信息可以看到需要进行修复。或者执行：
mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf –repair
3、终止服务器进程
db.shutdownServer()
终止数据库服务器进程。或者，可以直接kill掉mongod进程即可。

  • 安全管理
    1、以安全认证模式启动
    mongod –auth –dbpath /usr/mongo/data –logfile /var/mongo.log
    使用–auth选项启动mongod进程即可启用认证模式。
    或者，也可以修改/etc/mongodb.conf，设置auth=true，重启mongod进程。

2、添加用户

1
use admin
2
db.createUser(
3
  {
4
    user: "myUserAdmin",
5
    pwd: "abc123",
6
    roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]
7
  }
8
)
9
10
11
use test
12
db.createUser(
13
  {
14
    user: "myTester",
15
    pwd: "xyz123",
16
    roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "test" },
17
             { role: "read", db: "reporting" } ]
18
  }
19
)

3、认证

1
mongo --port 27017 -u "myTester" -p "xyz123" --authenticationDatabase "test"
2
3
use test
4
db.auth("myTester", "xyz123" )

  • 为数据库写数据(同步到磁盘)加锁
    该操作已经对数据库上锁，不允许执行写数据操作，一般在执行数据库备份时有用。

    1
    > use admin
    2
    switched to db admin
    3
    > db.runCommand({fsync:1,lock:1})
    4
    {
    5
            "info" : "now locked against writes, use db.fsyncUnlock() to unlock",
    6
            "lockCount" : NumberLong(1),
    7
            "seeAlso" : "http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/fsynccommand",
    8
            "ok" : 1
    9
    }
    10
    11
    查看当前锁状态：
    12
    > db.currentOp()
    13
    ...
    14
    15
    "fsyncLock" : true,
    16
    "info" : "use db.fsyncUnlock() to terminate the fsync write/snapshot lock",
    17
    "ok" : 1
    18
    ...
    19
    20
    解锁
    21
    > db.fsyncUnlock()
    22
    { "info" : "fsyncUnlock completed", "lockCount" : NumberLong(0), "ok" : 1 }

  • 基于mongo实现管理

1
mongo -u admin -p admin 192.168.0.197:27017/pagedb

原文作者：Zhang Jusene

原文链接：http://jusene.github.io/2017/07/03/mongodb-1/

发表日期：July 3rd 2017, 11:00:46 pm

更新日期：November 30th 2019, 1:54:24 am

版权声明：本文采用知识共享署名-非商业性使用 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可

CATALOG
  1. 1. MongoDB
  2. 2. 数据存储模型
  3. 3. mongodb配置选项
  4. 4. mongodb的常见操作
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